Frodsham Hill View Llamas

(1988) Bad tempered Males: Camelid Chronicle March 1988

Cavalcanti, S. M. C. & F. F. Knowlton (1998) Evaluation of physical and behavioral traits of llamas associated with aggressiveness toward sheep-threatening canids. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 61, 143-158.

McGee, M. Camelid Companion

Patterson, Dayna. 2019. "Llama Berserk Syndrome.", North American ReviewvVol. 304. Pp. 24-24. (Poem)

Milz, C. 2000. Comparison of the behaviour of llamas and sheep at pasture. 219 pp. Giessen: Justus-Liebig-Universität, Fachbereich Veterinarmedizin.

Pfister, J. A., F. San Martin, L. Rosales, D. V. Sisson, E. Flores & F. C. Bryant (1989) Grazing behaviour of llamas, alpacas and sheep in the Andes of Peru. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 23, 237-246.

Communications

Franklin, W. L. (1988) Lama Language Modes of Communication in the South American Camelids Camelids Chroncile No 2, 4-8.

Stress

Arias, N. & B. Velapatiño (2015) Cortisol as a reliable indicator of stress in alpacas and llamas. Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú (RIVEP), 26, 1-8.

Handling/Restraint/Transport

Anderson, D. E. 2013. Behavior and capture techniques. 3-7. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Gunsser, I. (2009) Problems in keeping and in transporting of llamas and alpacas. Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 116, 121-124.

Riveros F, J. L., L. M. Correa, B. Zapata, P. Goddard & C. Bonacic (2019) The relationship between coping styles and responses to handling in captive guanacos (Lama guanicoe). Small Ruminant Research, 177, 103-105.

Sexual

Taylor-Browne, J. To Geld or not to Geld...that is the question.

http://www.carthveanalpacas.com/articles.html#geld

Mating llama's - YouTube.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YLJNeHPp9OU

(1988) Bad tempered Males: Camelid Chronicle March 1988

Gerken, M., F. Scherpner, M. Gauly, D. Jaenecke & V. Dzapo (1998) Social behaviour and social distance in female llamas. KTBL-Schrift, 173-181.

Lichtenwalner, A. B., G. L. Woods & J. A. Weber (1996) Ejaculatory pattern of llamas during copulation. Theriogenology, 46, 285-291.

--------- (1996) Seminal collection, seminal characteristics and pattern of ejaculation in llamas. Theriogenology, 46, 293-305.

--------- (1998) Male llama choice between receptive and nonreceptive females. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 59, 349-356.

McElderry-Maxwell, J. (2019) Why male and female alpacas must be kept separately (http://www.bagendsuris.com/?page_id=1230&fbclid=IwAR04q_7qBa2gJ708hROoEEpmTKn5_7IXiXwEinn2oc5TG4CgRS6VQifMBvk)

Segretain, V., P. Lapeyronie, G. Molenat & P. Bosc. 1989. Behaviour of llamas, alone or associated with ewes, on irrigated pastures or on rough grazings in Crau. 1275-1276. Versailles: Association Française pour la Production Fourragère.