Vitamins

Chauvet, A. E., G. D. Shelton & B. J. Darien (1996) Vitamin E deficiency associated with myopathy in a llama. Progress in Veterinary Neurology, 7, 149-152.

Dart, A. J., H. Kinde, D. R. Hodgson, J. R. Peauroi, A. W. Selby, J. Maas & M. E. Fowler (1996) Serum α-tocopherol, vitamin A, and blood selenium concentrations, and glutathione peroxidase activity in llamas fed alfalfa hay. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 57, 689-692.

Judson, G. J. & A. Feakes (1999) Vitamin D doses for alpacas (Lama pacos). Australian Veterinary Journal, 77, 310-315.

Saun, R. J. v. 2007. Rickets and vitamin D metabolism in llamas and alpacas. 6-8. Lakewood: American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

Saun, R. J. v., B. B. Smith & B. J. Watrous (1996) Evaluation of vitamin D status of llamas and alpacas with hypophosphatemic rickets. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 209, 1128-1133.

Semevolos, S. A., S. K. Reed & L. G. Schultz (2013) Evaluation of serum trace mineral, vitamin D, and sex steroid hormone concentration, and survey data in llamas and alpacas with metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal hyperextension. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 74, 48-52.

Smith, B. B. & R. J. v. Saun (2001) Seasonal changes in serum calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D concentrations in llamas and alpacas. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 62, 1187-1193.

Smith, B. B., R. J. v. Saun, P. J. Reed, A. M. Craig & A. Youngberg (1998) Blood mineral and vitamin E concentrations in llamas. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 59, 1063-1070.

Whitehead, C. E. 2005. The effect of maternal supplementation of vitamin D on transplacental and transmammary transfer to neonatal llamas and alpacas.

Last Updated: 13.01.2023

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